Are solar panels suitable for a garden centre?

Match generation to electricity use

Start with the centre’s demand profile, rather than filling every available square metre with panels. Solar Energy UK’s corporate buyer guide recommends reviewing half-hourly consumption data and future changes in demand when considering an onsite system.

Model generation and site use over the same time periods. Distinguish total generation, the part used onsite and the part exported or curtailed. A high annual electricity bill does not show whether the centre will use the electricity at a sunny lunchtime.

Solar can generate in winter, but output is lower than in summer. Compare that pattern with your seasonal trading and heating requirements. Solar PV produces electricity; gas or biomass heating remains a separate part of the energy review.

Check the building before the panel count

Ask for appropriate structural and roof-condition checks, including remaining roof life, shading, access and the implications of future repairs. A translucent growing roof, a retail roof and a storage building may have very different constraints.

HSE says roofs should be treated as fragile until a competent person confirms otherwise. Asbestos information and the right survey must also be considered before work that could disturb suspect materials. Do not access a roof yourself to assess solar suitability.

• Who owns the building and who can approve works and roof access?
• Is roof repair or replacement needed before installation?
• What access, fire-safety and insurer requirements affect the design?

Keep planning and the grid connection as separate checks

Planning permission and electrical connection approval answer different questions. In England, some non-domestic solar installations can use permitted-development rights, subject to conditions and limitations; the route depends on the actual proposal and site. Permitted development can still require prior approval from the local planning authority. Confirm the route with the planning authority or an appropriately qualified adviser. Rules differ across the UK.

The local distribution network operator needs to be considered early. National Grid’s connection guidance includes generation and energy storage under the relevant procedures. Establish the applicable application route, available connection capacity and export arrangements before treating a concept as an installable design.

Consider other space without assuming it is easier

Car parks or suitable land can be explored where the roof is constrained. Compare their own structural, access, drainage, planning, electrical and operating requirements. Protect customer movement, deliveries and any space the business needs for future expansion.

A leased site needs early discussion with the landlord and, where relevant, other occupiers. Installation rights, roof access, lease length, maintenance and the treatment of equipment on a move or sale should be resolved in the proposed agreements.

Ask for a proposal you can examine

A useful proposal identifies the design basis, generation assumptions, expected onsite use, export treatment, costs, maintenance and outstanding approvals. It should explain what happens if demand changes or less electricity can be exported than first assumed.

Compare solar on its own before adding storage. A battery is another investment with a separate operating purpose and cost; it should not be assumed necessary for every garden centre.